ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ  در انگلیسی ﭼﯿﺴﺖ؟  gerund
.
ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻓﻌﻠﯽ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ing ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻣﯿﺸﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺟﺎﯼ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺑﮑﺎﺭ ﻣﯿﺮﻭﺩ. ﭘﺲ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺩﯾﮕﺮ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ، ﺑﻠﮑﻪ ﺍﺳﻤﯽ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﯿﺸﻮﺩ .
ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ: ﻓﻌﻞ + ing
ﻧﮑﺘﻪ ﻣﻬﻢ : ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻬﺎ ing ﻣﯿﮕﯿﺮﻧﺪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻧﯿﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﻠﮑﻪ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﯼ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﯿﺒﺎﺷﻨﺪ .
ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺳﻪ ﮐﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ :
-1 ﺑﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﯼ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ : ﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﺍﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻓﻌﻠﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﯼ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺑﮑﺎﺭ ﺭﻭﺩ. ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ ing ﺍﻓﺰﻭﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺍﻧﺮﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﮐﺮﺩ ﭼﻮﻥ
ﻧﻘﺶ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﯿﮕﯿﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻫﻤﯿﺸﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ .
Eating breakfast is useful for the body.
ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ ﺻﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺑﺪﻥ ﻣﻔﯿﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ .
.
Watching T.V for a long time is
harmful.
ﺗﻤﺎﺷﺎ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺗﻠﻮﯾﺰﯾﻮﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﺪﺕ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﯽ
ﻣﻀﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ .
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-2 ﺑﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻌﻞ : ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻟﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ mind ﻭ miss ﺍﮔﺮ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺑﮑﺎﺭ ﺭﻭﺩ، ﻓﻌﻞ ing ﻣﯿﮕﯿﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺍﯾﻦ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ.ﯾﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻘﺸﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﯿﮕﯿﺮﺩ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﭼﻮﻥ ﺍﯾﻨﺠﺎ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﯾﮏ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮﺍﯾﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ ing ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻣﯿﮑﻨﯿﻢ .
I enjoy reading English stories.
ﺍﺯ ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪﻥ ﺩﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﻬﺎﯼ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﯿﺴﯽ ﻟﺬﺕ ﻣﯿﺒﺮﻡ .
I love working.
ﮐﺎﺭﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﻭﺳﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﻡ .
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-3 ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ: ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻃﺮ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﯿﺪ ﻫﺮﮔﺎﻩ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﯿﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻌﻠﯽ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﮐﻨﯿﻢ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﮐﻨﯿﻢ.
I'm tired of living in big cities.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﺧﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﻡ .
She is interested in learning English.
ﺍﻭ ﺑﻪ ﯾﺎﺩﮔﯿﺮﯼ ﺍﻧﮕﻠﯿﺴﯽ ﻋﻼﻗﻪ ﻣﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ .
ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﯾﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺑﮑﺎﺭ ﻣﯿﺮﻭﻧﺪ ﯾﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ
ﺍﺯ ﺑﻌﻀﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ . ﺩﺭ ﺯﯾﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ مثال ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮاﯽ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻋﺰﯾﺰﺍﻥ ﺑﯿﺎﻥ ﻣﯿﮑﻨﯿﻢ .
Tired of ﺧﺴﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ
Interested in ﻋﻼﻗﻪ ﻣﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ
Satisfied with ﺭﺍﺿﯽ ﺍﺭ
Rude to ﭘﺮﺭﻭ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ
Concerned about ﻧﮕﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ
Good at ﺧﻮﺏ ﺩﺭ
Sorry about ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻒ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩ
Sorry for ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻒ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ
.
My teacher is good at speaking.
ﻣﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺩﺭ ﺻﺼﺤﺒﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺧﻮﺏ ﺍﺳﺖ .
I'm satisfied with your practicing.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻢ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺭﺍﺿﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻢ .
Sorry about being late.
ﺍﺯ ﺍﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﺩﯾﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻡ ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﻢ .
.
ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻟﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺑﺴﯿﺎﺭ ﺯﯾﺎﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﯾﻨﺠﺎ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺴﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﯿﻢ .
I'm thinking of doing a new job.
ﺩﺭ ﻓﮑﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﯾﮏ ﺷﻐﻞ ﺟﺪﯾﺪﻡ .
Im loking forward to seeing you.
ﻣﺸﺘﺎﻗﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﺮ ﺩﯾﺪﻥ ﺗﻮ ﻫﺴﺘﻢ .
They accused him of telling lie.
ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻭ ﺗﻬﻤﺖ ﺩﺭﻭﻍ ﮔﻔﺘﻦ ﺯﺩﻧﺪ .
ﻧﮑﺘﻪ :
ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ .
ﻧﮑﺘﻪ* ﮐﻠﻤﻪ ﺍﯼ ﮐﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ (gerund) ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ Modifier ( ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻒ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ) ﺑﮑﺎﺭ ﻣﯿﺮﻭﺩ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺻﻔﺖ ﺑﮑﺎﺭ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻭﻟﯽ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺁﻥ ﮐﻠﻤﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ
ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺑﮑﺎﺭ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻗﯿﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .
Regular exercising is good for the heart.
Exercising regularly is good for the heart.
.